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抗菌药物轮番上阵,为何慢性鼻窦炎仍控制变差?(上)

时间:2023-02-24 12:18:19

中1项[1]。

(二)消化道牙龈坏死的合理依据

可通过颊内镜安全检查和(或)消化道计算机断层扫描(CT)或PET高分辨率(MRI)赢得消化道故名腔坏死的合理依据。

颊内镜安全检查

颊内镜安全检查的优势是减不算病患伽玛掩盖。

CRS病患颊内镜安全检查的形态变动为之中颊道可知黏脓性或脓性黏液、故名腔充血坏死、故名腔囊肿突起变动或可知明显囊肿。

消化道计算机断层扫描(CT)

CT对消化道故名腔病变和窦故名溢出背著有较好的分辨率,为CRS优选的检查和安全检查原理[14,15]。

*对于学童,首次疗法评估时多半不推荐开展CT安全检查;

*CT安全检查仅推荐用于经抑制剂疗法和(或)腺样体切除术疗法效用不佳,或已出现并发症的CRS幼儿[16]。

CRS最常用的CT变动为消化道故名腔增厚、窦故名溢出、窦腔模糊、窦腔内囊肿影像。

PET高分辨率(MRI)

MRI的潜在不足是过度敏感,有可能引致过度疗法,而且价格相对较贵。消化道平片、超声波高分辨率、透照高分辨率的特异性和依赖性均较低,不推荐作为CRS的疗法原理[13]。

—— 参 录 文 献——

向外滑动查阅

1. Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Mullol J, et al. EPOS 2012: European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2012. A summary for otorhinolaryngologists. Rhinology, 2012, 50:1.

2. Shashy RG, Moore EJ, Weaver A. Prevalence of the chronic sinusitis diagnosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2004, 130:320.

3. Blackwell DL, Collins JG, Coles R. Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 1997. Vital Health Stat, 10 2002, :1.

4. Hastan D, Fokkens WJ, Bachert C, et al. Chronic rhinosinusitis in Europe--an underestimated disease. A GA²LEN study. Allergy, 2011, 66:1216.

5. 郑铭、青卉、娄鸿飞,等. 《之中国耳颊咽喉头颈外科》,2017,24(4):185-190

6. Emanuel IA, Shah SB. Chronic rhinosinusitis: allergy and sinus computed tomography relationships. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2000, 123:687.

7. Kim YS, Kim NH, Seong SY, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of chronic rhinosinusitis in Korea. Am J Rhinol Allergy, 2011, 25:117.

8. Pinto JM, Naclerio RM. Environmental and allergic factors in chronic rhinosinusitis. Clin Allergy Immunol, 2007, 20:25.

9. Bhattacharyya N. Air quality influences the prevalence of hay fever and sinusitis. Laryngoscope, 2009, 119:429.

10. Baroody FM. Mucociliary transport in chronic rhinosinusitis. Clin Allergy Immunol, 2007, 20:103.

11. Hamilos DL. Chronic rhinosinusitis patterns of illness. Clin Allergy Immunol, 2007, 20:1.

12. Asero R, Bottazzi G. Nasal polyposis: a study of its association with airborne allergen hypersensitivity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2001, 86:283.

13. Rosenfeld RM, Piccirillo JF, Chandrasekhar SS, et al. Clinical practice guideline (update): adult sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2015, 152:S1.

14. Peters AT, Spector S, Hsu J, et al. Diagnosis and management of rhinosinusitis: a practice parameter update. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2014, 113:347.

15. Mafee MF, Tran BH, Chapa AR. Imaging of rhinosinusitis and its complications: plain film, CT, and MRI. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 2006, 30:165.

16. Setzen G, Ferguson BJ, Han JK, et al. Clinical consensus statement: appropriate use of computed tomography for paranasal sinus disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012, 147:808.

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